Promotion Question and Answers Part 10 ~ Owafk-Africa

IN DES1GNING A CURRICULUM FOR PRIMARY SCHOOLS WHAT FACTORS ARE YOU LIKELY TO TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION

1 AGE
2. ENROLMENT
3. NATIONAL GOALS FOR EDUCATION
4. NEEDS OF PUPILS /STUDENTS TO BE TUAGHT
5. CHOICE OF SUBJECTS
6. SEQUENCE OF SUBJECTS TO BE TUAGHT FIRST ETC

IDENTIFY SOME OF THE CONTEMPORARY SKILLS THAT EVERY TEACHER NECESSARY NEED TO POSSESS

I. ICT Literacy
ii. Class management skills/class control
in. Inter personal relationship
iv. Record management
v. Emotion Intelligence
vi. Financial Governance skills
vii. Lifelong learning to improve
viii. Capacity building skills to have confidence to teach
ix. Use internet to download information to enrich the curriculum.
x Lesson Plan Preparation
xi. Pedagogical skills "How to teach", "When to teach" and "what to teach"
xii. Coaching, Guidance and counseling of skills
xiii Questioning and assessment of teaching and learning.

WHAT FACTORS HAVE LED TO THE EROSION OF THE SOCIAL STATUS OF TEACHING PROFESSION AND TEACHERS TODAY

1 Emergence of other professional Nursing, Architects, Lawyers, Accountant, Business etc
2. Expansion of the public sector
3. Low respect for teaching
4 Low improvement of the remuneration/salary of teachers
5. Low qualification of teachers e.g. "A" 4 year, 2 year P/s but currently Diplomates and Graduates

WHAT DO YOU CONSIDER TO BE THE GREATEST DEFECT OF SCHOOL EDUCATION

• Theory as against practical solutions to problems
• Critical thinking skills, analysis and problem solving
• Emphasis on imagination, innovation and creativity
• Technical and vocational training
• Production of middle level manpower that can be practicable in doing things.
• Entrepreneurial education for students to be self employed and self reliant.

WHAT ARE THE LAND MARKS/LEGACIES OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT SINCE COLONIALDAYS

• Partnership in education with churches, private etc.
• 1961 Accelerated Development plan in education
• 1961 Free education and building of Ghana

EDUCATION TRUST SCHOOL BY NKRUMAH .

• 1963 Free supply of textbooks
• 1 974 Dzobo drastic reforms, KwapongRcpoitof 1967
• 1 987 Reforms reduced Pre-Tertiary education from 1 7 years to 1 2 years and education vocationalised with Basic/Life skills, Technical skills introduced
• 1996 FCUBE introduced which was a constitutional Requirement and
• 2008 Anamoah Mensah Reforms which Mainstream the K. G etc. Free uniforms, schools feeding are landmarks.

The reforms have been Ad-hoc, Moderate and Radical.
DESCRIBE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEDURES AS PROVIDED IN THE LABOUR ACT-NATIONAL LABOUR COMMISSION

Deal with issues of conflict of labour with Fair Wages Commission, Ministry of Employment and social Welfare on issues of labour. There are laid down rules and regulations of resolving differences. Opportunity to perform their duties to resolve conflicts of labour is constrained in undertaking strikes we are not to go outside the confines of the law but exhaust all avenues by due process. E.g. Review of labour strikes by POTAG, UTAG, prison service, Medical Board. NAGRAT and GNAT strike by Teachers etc.
• The law says negotiate by labour commission, Employment and social welfare. Compulsory Arbitration.
• We are not to jump the gun but go through the process and trust the institution to resolve.
• There is need for paradigm shift on the labour front to go through the process of arbitration before embarking on strike as a last resort to Negotiation table.

WHAT ARE THE TWO MAIN METHODS OF CALCULATING TEACHER/PUPIL RATIO AND PUPIL TEXTBOOK RATIO ETC
SHOW THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CONCEPTS IN EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT

PTR=NO. OF PUPILS / NO. OF TRS
T.P.R.=NO. OF TRS /NO. OF PUPILS
P (TBKS) R = NO. OF PUPIL/NO. OF TBKS
(T.B.K)/P= NO. OF TBKS/ NO. OF PUPILS
AVERAGE CLASS SIZE
K. G.=25
PRIMARY=35
J.H.S=25
S.H.S=20
STAFF RATIO
No. Of males /females
No Of senior staff/junior staff

IMPORTANCE OF THE CONCEPT

For planning purpose. It is significant to determine whether to increase or decrease the number of personnel in relation to the attendant strength. For personnel or item re-allocation where there is more or excess to reallocate.
Use as indicators or warning signs i.e. sign post for forward planning. .. Help to determine whether a target has been achieved or not. P. T. R. to determine how close to the National Average or Norm. .It is a tool for quality teaching and learning where the size is the National average.

8. STAFF ESTABLISHMENT

K.G. = 1 teacher and attendant per 25 pupils PRIMARY = 1 teacher per 30 pupils (National Average) J. H. S. = 1 stream 5 teachers
J. H. S. = 2 stream 11 teachers
S.H.S.= 1 Teacher per 20 students
S.H.S. = Class size 40 students
S .H.S. = Teachers to teach a minimum of 25 periods per week
Establishment = Total student population - 20 = staff strength

CAN YOU TRACE THE CAUSE OF GLOBALISATION ITS POSSIBLE EFFECTS ON EDUCATION

The world is like a global village
Science and advanced technology shatters physical barriers of the through information
-Mobile phone, computers, E-mail, Website, e-learning '
- Internet, Face book, Twilight, television satellite, Remote Laptops - Trade Liberalization and exchange of products, information and Technology by Air, Rail, Water/Sea Transport.

EFFECTS ON EDUCATION

Access information on the internet.
Comparable education and adoption of best practice
Research to gain more knowledge
Video conferencing to build confidence
Exposures and tremendous benefit to student with experiences in life elsewhere - Pornography and cultural accultcration
Brings competition which is keen in the global job market
Skills in research, public speaking and presentation
Negotiation leak exams questions through information superhighway exams malpractice -
Rampant copyright and p

WHAT IS THE GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE OF THE GES, GES COUNCIL, REO, DEO

Schools are headed by Headmasters/Mistress who report to (he District
Dislna Duccloisalso icpoit to the Regional Dnectorb or through the
REC at H.QS.
The Director Geneial also icporl lo the GES council
The GES council is the link between the GES and the Ministry of education The council recommends policies for the MOE on education at the Pre-tertiary level. At HQ are several divisions who co-oidmatc activities and the divisions they include Basic education, Secondary Education, Teachci Education, Inspectorate /Supervision division, Human Resource Management and Development. Planning, Statistics, Budgeting. Logistics and Supply, Curriculum Research and Development, Special Education, Techaical, Vocational and Financial Controller. Other co-ordinates include Sports, Culture, Agric and Science. Girl Child, Unit Schools and Development Partner's Co- Ordinates. District directors and heads of schools delegate duties to schedule officers and form committees to run the organization

EUROPEAN DEFT CRISIS - PIGS.

27 members of the European Union with 17 members using the Euro a common currency
- There is financial collapse or Dept crisis as a result of over spending, more inflation, and unemployment in Spain etc.
- Portugal, Italy, Greece and Spam called PIGS are the worst affected.
- This recession requires European central Bank tight austerity measures with credit cuts.

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